目录
摘要Ⅱ
关键词Ⅱ
AbstractⅢ
引言
引言 1
1中国土壤重金属污染总体情况 1
1.1土壤重金属污染现状与分布 1
1.2土壤重金属污染的来源 2
1.3土壤重金属污染所表现的特点 3
1.4土壤重金属对生物的危害 4
1.5已有的土壤重金属污染的治理方法 4
1.5.1物理修复方法 5
1.5.2化学修复方法 5
1.5.3生物修复方法 5
1.5.4农业生态工程修复方法 6
2磷灰石在重金属污染土壤修复中的应用 6
2.1磷灰石简介 6
2.2羟基磷灰石特性 6
2.3羟基磷灰石修复重金属机理 6
2.4磷灰石的利用局限性 7
3磷灰石联合溶磷微生物对土壤的修复 8
3.1土壤中溶磷微生物的种类及特性 8
3.2溶磷微生物的作用机理 9
3.2.1分泌有机酸 9
3.2.2质子交换 9
3.2.3酶解作用 9
3.2.4甲基化作用 10
3.2.5氧化还原作用 10
3.2.6络合与螯合作用 10
3.3溶磷微生物在用磷灰石修复土壤重金属污染中的应用 10
4结束语 11
致谢 12
参考文献 12
利用磷灰石修复土壤重金属的研究综述
摘 要
重金属一直都是环境修复领域的热门研究对象，其在造成生态环境污染的同时影响着人类的身体健康。重金属的广泛使用导致其污染来源广、途径多、原因复杂。虽然我国耕地整体上土壤重金属污染低于风险值，但仍有个别地区是高于风险值的。耕地的污染势必影响我国的粮食安全，因此急需展开土壤重金属的修复研究。目前受污染的土壤主要通过物理、化学、生物等方式修复，虽然有各自的优势，但都有各自的局限性。磷灰石作为土壤污染修复中的新兴材料，被广泛应用于实际修复工程当中，但是磷灰石自身的溶解度很低，限制了其在重金属污染修复中的效果。解 *51今日免费论文网|www.51jrft.com +Q: ^351916072^ 
磷微生物能够通过分泌有机酸，溶解磷灰石，从而促进磷灰石中磷的释放。因此，磷灰石与解磷微生物的协同修复联合了化学修复技术与生物修复技术，与以往的重金属修复方法相比较，效果更加明显，在未来的土壤修复中有着较大的应用潜力。本文针对磷灰石单独修复以及磷灰石和微生物的联合修复展开研究，对国内外在相关领域的发展进行了综述。
A review of applying apatite to heavy mental remediation in soil
ABSTRACT
Soil heavy metal pollution has received wide concern in soil remediation, due to its severe contamination on ecological environment and its high toxicity to human health. Heavy metal pollution has the characters of wide sources, multiple pathways and complex causes. Although the heavy metal pollution of the most cultivated land in China is lower than the risk value, there are still some areas that are higher than the risk value. The pollution of cultivated land is bound to affect the food security. Therefore, it is in urgent need to carry out the remediation research of soil heavy mental pollution. The contaminated soil is mainly repaired by physical, chemical and biological methods. Although each one has its unique advantages, yet all of them have their own limitations. Apatite is the new material for remediation of soil pollution, which has been practically applied to the environmental pollution rehabilitation. However, its low solubility becomes the primary drawback in pollution remediation. Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) could promote apatite dissolution via acid secretion, hence P release is accelerated. Compared with the traditional techniques, the collaborative application of PSB and apatite is the effective combination of chemical remediation and biological remediation technology. Therefore, it is an excellent candidate for the investigation regarding heavy metal contaminated soil remediation. This paper provides a review on the research status of pure apatite application and the collaborative application of PSB and apatite to heavy metal remediation.

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