韩国大学生英语交互会话中虚词的运用特点分析
随着亚洲英语教学环境的不断变化，越来越多的学者开始研究非英语本族语者之间运用各类英语变体进行交际。作为亚洲英语变体的一种，韩式英语受到广泛关注。韩式英语受到韩国语言、文化、及思维模式的影响，在语音、词汇、语法等方面承载着韩国特有的语言文化特点。本研究采用错误分析的方法，旨在通过分析韩国大学生同伴间交互会话语篇，总结韩式英语中虚词的使用特点，从而论证韩式英语的客观存在，并为韩国英语学习的改善提供一定借鉴。文章还将阐述中外学者对韩国英语学习情况的看法，分析韩国英语学习的特点和韩国英语水平。
关键词  韩式英语，错误分析，虚词，交互会话
1  Introduction    1
2  Theoretical Background    1
3  Methodology    5
3.1  Participants    5
3.2  Data Collection    5
3.3  Data Analysis    5
4  Results    5
4.1  Errors on the Use of Articles    6
4.2  Errors on the Use of Prepositions    7
4.3  Errors on the Use of Conjunctions    8
5  Discussion    9
5.1  Causes of function words Errors    9
5.2  Suggestions for Korean College Students’ English Learning    11
Conclusion    13
Acknowledgements    14
References    15
1  Introduction
With the constant change of English teaching environment in Asia, more and more learners begin to study the phenomenon that non-native English speakers communicate with each other in numerous English varieties. And Korean English has been thrown into the spot light due to the increasingly frequent communication among Korea and other countries worldwide, hot resorts visited by thousands of English-speaking tourists as well as popular Korean dramas. In these situations, Korean people speak English with their unique characteristics. However, there is an obvious mistake often made when they speak English, which is the use of function words.
Although function words in English do not occupy a dominant position, they do play a crucial role in constructing big language units from the perspective of language communicative target. In fact, predecessors have already conducted a large number of studies on multifarious aspects of function words in English; however, few researches have combined the study of function words with the Korean English. Korean people often use English function words like articles, prepositions, conjunctions, auxiliaries, interjections and pronouns wrongly due to the following reasons: the transfer of mother language, the  habits formed when they speak Korean and the vague understanding of properties of these function words.
This paper is going to take error analysis to spot several common traits of the use of English function words in Korean English, elaborate reasons why mistakes appear and offer suggestive advice, which to some extent could contribute to the improvement of English capability of Korean people, and provide some implications on English teaching and learning in China.
2  Theoretical Background
Since there are few studies on the use of English function words among Korean collage students, I will state some existing studies in some significant fields closely related to my paper: error analysis, English varieties especially spoken by Korean college students and English function words.
In 1967, with the publication of The Significance of Learner's Errors, S.P. Corder puts forward the theory and approach of error analysis which pays attention to learner's errors and hammers at detecting the substantial reasons of making such errors. Because of the theory, people take a new look at errors. Errors are testimony of learning stages and tactics adopted by learners instead of pathologies to be eradicated. According to S.P. Corder, error Analysis involves a set of procedures for identifying, describing, and explaining errors in learner language, including five steps: collection of a sample of learner language, identification of errors, description of errors, explanation of errors and evaluation of errors.
In 2015, A Review of English Varieties written by Gao Yihong published in Foreign Language Teaching and Research (bimonthly) points out that the issue of English varieties is born in the paradigm of World Englishes coined by Braj Kachru in 1978. And Kachru conceives the idea of three concentric circles of the language, embracing the inner circle, the outer circle and the expanding circle in which the inner circle represents the traditional bases of English; the outer circle contains countries that consider English indispensable for historical reasons even though English is not their native tongue; and the expanding circle includes countries where English is widely used as a lingua franca but it does not play a historical or governmental role.
Form the point of international changes and development, Song Meiying(2001) in her English Varieties and Multiculturalism in Intercultural Communication lays her finger on the importance of understanding English varieties. She states that there are multifarious English varieties in the world, including Canadian English, Australian English, African English, Chinglish, Korean English and etc. They all have their distinct features and widely applied into international changes. As a result, understanding and grasping these varieties are of great importance for every entity to smoothly conduct cross-cultural communication.
The 20th century witnessed a reappraisal of function words in English by scholars and modern linguistic theories have enriched function words from their own views. With the extension of function words system, its research is now being conducted not simply on the word phrase and clause strata, but on discourse stratum as well. In The Study on Function Words since 20th Century completed by Gao Yanmei（2001） in Beijing Normal University, she brief states that Fries recombines function words in line with their distribution in sentences. Christophersen, Sandved and Bolinger establish their own function words systems generally on the basis of both principles of distribution and syntactic function. At the same time, she holds that function words which act as the framework and blender in language system are a vital component of the study of grammar and linguistics. Consequently, it is needy for us to study and learn more about every aspect of functional words. Moreover, the number of function words is relative definite comparing to the constantly increasing notional words and it is these numbered function words that connect notional words filled with abundant information, and finally express correct and exact colorful information. And then she finds out that experienced English learners tend to misuse function words and we are supposed to pay close attention to the use of function words.
In Corpus Based Error Analysis of the Use of English Articles by College Students, Zhang Jing(2007) states that the English article system is one of the most complicated grammatical elements to learn and to use for college students whose language lacks articles. She finds that there are omission, oversuppliance along with confusion of specific articles like a/an, a/the, an/the in the process of learning English. Next, the investigation of sources of misuse of articles incorporating first language-dependent factors, second language-related factors and the article semantics are presented in her paper.
Absorbed in the Korean study culture, collage students in Korea do not focus on the learning and grasping of definite, limited but significant English function words so that lots of mistakes appear and mutual communication confronts obstacles. Many scholars have done researches on English varieties, Korean English and function words, while scarcely any person touches upon the study of the combination of these contents. Therefore, the paper will illustrate the use of English function words among Korean college students’ interaction on the strength of these predecessors’ studies.
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